Relative Pronoun

The relative pronouns are:

Subject	Object	Possessive
who	who(m)	whose
which	which	whose
that	that

Who: Refers to a person (as the verb’s subject)

The woman who came to the door left flowers for you.

Whom: Refers to a person (as the verb’s object)

The students whom I teach are very inteligent

whose :refers to  possession by people and animals.

She apologized to the boy whose glasses got broken.

Which: Refers to an animal or thing

this is the picture which  was painted by Ravivarma

That: Refers to a person, animal, thing

She finally visited the coffee shop that had such great reviews.

where :refers to a place

The venue where the event takes place is Sumangali Auditorium

.

when: refers to time 

The day when the event takes place is Sunday.

why:refers to reason 

Do you know the reason whythe shop is closed today?

(… the reason for which the shop is closed …)

എപ്പോഴാണ് that ഉപയോഗിക്കാൻ പറ്റുക,എപ്പോൾ ഉപയോഗിക്കാൻ പറ്റില്ല ?

There are two types of relative clauses

defining relative clause    non defining relative clause

Defining or non-defining?

Remember that defining relative clauses are used to add important information. The sentence would have a different meaning without the defining relative clause.

compare this two sentences

• I’m going to wear the sari that I bought in Bombay  
• in this example ,the relative clause tells which person or thing the speaker means
• 'the sari that I bought in Bombay' tells us which sari  
• The  sentence with a defining relative clause tells us which sari.
• we do not use commas (,)with these clauses
• you can use that instead of who/which in these clauses

• The sari, which is a lovely dark blue colour, only cost Rs 350/-
• in this example ,the relative clause do not  tell you which person or thing the speaker means.We already know which sari is meant.'Which is a lovely dark blue colour' only add extra information about the sari
• The sentence, with a non-defining relative clause, doesn’t tell us which sari – it gives us more information about the sari.
• we  use commas (,)with these clauses
• you can use that instead of who/which in these clauses

noun ------- verb (who)

noun നു ശേഷമുള്ള  blank നു ശേഷം  verb ആണെങ്കിൽ  who

He -----hesitates is lost

 ------- noun (whose)

blank നു ശേഷം  verb നു പകരം noun ആണെങ്കിൽ  whose

He’s marrying a girl whose family don’t seem to like him.

 ------- pronoun (whom)

 blank നു ശേഷം  pronoun ആണെങ്കിൽ  whom

The students whom I teach are intelligent

All,same,any,no,none,nothing,everything,only,little,much എന്നിവക്ക് ശേഷം that

ആണ് ഉപയോഗിക്കുക 

All that glitters is not gold

Man is the only animal that can talk

superlative degreeക്കു ശേഷം  that ആണ് ഉപയോഗിക്കേണ്ടത് 

The wisest man ever lived made mistakes

subjects(1)person,(2)animal or thingനു ശേഷം  that ഉപയോഗിക്കുന്നു 

The Boy and his dog that has trespassed on the meeting were turned out

1.This is the dog------I bought yesterday

2.I will show you a house-----you can buy

answers

1.which/that

2.which/that